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break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">分子篩催化劑的表征就是應用近代物理方法和實驗技術，對<span style="display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋體; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.54px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 32px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">分子篩</span>催化劑的表面及體相結構進行研究，并將它們與<span style="display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋體; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.54px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 32px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">分子篩</span>催化劑的性質、性能進行關聯，探討<span style="display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋體; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.54px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 32px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">分子篩</span>催化材料的宏觀性質與微觀結構之間的關系，加深對催化材料的本質的了解。近代物理方法主要包括：X射線衍射技術、色譜技術、熱分析析技術、電子顯微技術、光譜技術、低電子能譜、穆斯堡爾譜等……</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋體;">1<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋體;">近代物理方法簡介</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">1.1<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">對催化劑的</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">組成分析（體相）</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">化學分析（CA：ChemicalAnalysis）用于Pt，Pd，Rh等貴金屬分析;原子吸收光譜（AAS）;X射線熒光光譜（XRF）;電感耦合等離子體光譜（ICP）.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">1.2<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">組成分析（表面）</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">射線光電子能譜(XPSX);俄歇電子能譜（AES）.分析深度：AES < XPS（表面10個原子層，XPS（分析取樣量在微克級。釋譜：XPS釋譜和數據分析容易，應用更廣。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">1.3<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">物相性質（結構）</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">多晶X射線衍射(XRD)—— 最普遍、最經典的物相性質鑒定手段。反映長程有序度，但對于高分散物相不適用.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">傅里葉變換紅外光譜(FT-IR)——許多無機物固體在中紅外區(400-4000cm-1)有振動吸收，反映短程有序度.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">拉曼光譜（RAM,拉曼散射效應） ——拉曼光譜與紅外光譜都能得到分子</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">振動和轉動光譜，但分子的極化率改變時才會產生拉曼活性，而紅外光譜是</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">偶極矩變化時有紅外活性，因此兩者有一定程度的互補性。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">紫外可見光譜(UV-vis)——電子光譜, 是由分子外層電子或價電子吸收一定能量的光躍遷所產生的,給出樣品結構的信息.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">核磁共振技術(NMR)—— 適用于含有核磁距的組元，如1H、13C、31P、27Al、29Si.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">1.4<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">形貌</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）:分辨率為6-10nm ，放大倍數為2萬倍.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">透射電子顯微鏡（TEM）:分辨率為0.1～0.2nm，放大倍數為幾萬～百萬倍.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">原子力顯微鏡（AFM）:可達到原子級分辨率.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">1.5<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">負載相（金屬）的分散度</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">化學吸附（Chemisorp）：從吸附量、吸附熱的角度提供信息；</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">多晶X射線衍射（XRD）：從分散相的物相性質角度提供信息；</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">透射電鏡（TEM）：直接觀察粒子大小和數目.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">對于研究金屬負載型催化劑的制備、老化、燒結、中毒、以及反應動力學有重要意義。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">1.6<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">多孔性（比表面、孔徑、孔分布</span></strong></span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">）</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">壓汞測孔法:適宜于測大孔，測定下限7 nm</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">物理吸附(Physisorp) (N2，Ar，Xe，…):適宜于測部分微孔和介孔，具體范圍為下限：1.3-1.7nm，上限為：20-30nm。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 黑體;">1.7<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 黑體;"> </span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 黑體;">酸性表征</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 黑體;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋體;">2<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋體;">核磁共振法</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255); font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">2.1</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255); font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">核磁共振法原理</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">若物質的原子核存在自旋，產生核磁矩，核磁矩在外磁場的作用下旋進，可以求得其旋進角速度為ｗ=ｒB<sub style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">0,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></sub>若在垂直于B<sub style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">0<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></sub>的方向上施加一個頻率在射頻范圍內的交變磁場B<sub style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></sub>，當其頻率與核磁矩旋進頻率一致時便能產生共振吸收，當射頻場被撤去后，磁場又將這部分能量以輻射的形式釋放出來，這就是共振發射。共振吸收和共振發射過程稱為核磁共振(NMR)。物質質子的共振頻率與其結構（化學壞境）有關，在高分辨率下，吸收峰產生化學位移和裂分，根據這些變化可以得到物質的結構信息。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">C、H是有機化合物的主要組成元素。研究<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1</sup>H的核磁共振現象稱為氫譜。NMR譜圖用吸收光能量隨化學位移的變化來表示，所提供的信息包括：峰的化學位移、強度、裂分數和偶合數、和的數目、所處的化學環境和幾何構型的信息。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 29px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">廣泛用于多相催化劑結構表征的是MAS NMR。高分辨率的固體MAS NMR可以探測分子篩催化劑骨架上的所有元素組成和晶體結構。對于局部結構和幾何特性也很敏感。原位MAS NMR技術近幾年取得了較大的發展，應用于催化劑結構、催化過程和催化機理的研究。如<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">13</sup>C-NMR能夠根據有機物分子的特征化學位移來區分反應物、中間物和產物，很適合通過反應中間物來跟蹤反應進程、探索反應機理。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">2.3</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">核磁共振在催化研究中的應用有</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">核磁共振技術適用于含有核磁距的組元，如</span><sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">1</span></sup><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">H、</span><sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">13</span></sup><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">C、</span><sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">31</span></sup><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">P、</span><sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">27</span></sup><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">Al、</span><sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">29</span></sup><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">Si.其用于研究分子篩結構，如確定其骨架結構、骨架脫鋁和引入鋁對結構的影響；確定陽離子的位置等；研究固體酸的得表面性質，如B酸或L酸；研究晶體孔道內吸附物的化學狀態及催化性質等；采用<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1</sup>H MAS NMR技術研究催化劑表面不同結構的羥基。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">2.4<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">核磁共振</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">技術表征催化劑的內容</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">核磁共振譜</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 209, 0);">NMR</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">法可以得到物質的分子結構和運動等信息。并將它們與催化劑的性質、性能進行關聯，探討催化材料的宏觀性質與微觀結構之間的關系，加深對催化材料的本質的了解。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋體;">3<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋體;">核磁</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋體;">表征實例--NMR活化培燒對Co-ZSM-5分子篩結構的影響</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 31px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">Co-ZSM-5分子篩催化劑是一種具有較強催化活性的醛氨縮合催化劑，其主要特點是反應條件溫和、擇形選擇性高、副產物較少等，但焙燒對分子篩的結構與性能有十分顯著的影響，有研究表明催化劑載體的影響時認為在一定的焙燒溫度下，所得載體的粒徑及孔容較好；有的研究中認為焙燒溫度使催化劑的結構發生了較大的變化，影響催化劑各組分之間的相互作用，從而影響了催化性能；還有的認為活化焙燒溫度主要使通過改變催化劑中原子的配位狀態和表面酸性來實現；還有研究認為一定的焙燒溫度制得的催化劑具有較強的酸性、比表面積等。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">現采用NMR等方法探討了焙燒對Co-ZSM-5分子篩催化劑微觀結構的影響，并得出了一系列重要結論。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">3.1<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">29</sup>Si—NMR</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">研究</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;"></span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">從圖1可見，Co-ZSM-5分子篩的<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">29</sup>Si-NMR譜中存在一個寬峰，此峰隨活化焙燒溫度分別為350、450、530、650、750、850℃制得催化劑的<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">29</sup>Si-NMR譜圖中化學位移(ppm)變化的情況如下：-113．27、-113．31、-113．32、-113．37、-113，38、-113．39。此峰屬于si-o-Al結構單元。隨著焙燒溫度的逐漸升高，si-o-Al對應的峰強度在逐漸減少，這是由于結合在骨架上的Al原子不斷減少，骨架鋁隨焙燒溫度的升高而逐漸脫除下來形成非骨架鋁所造成的。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">3.2<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">27</sup>Al—NMR</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">研究</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">不同溫度焙燒Co-ZSM-5的<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">27</sup>Al-NMR譜如圖2所示.由圖2可見，譜圖中主要有2個峰(A、B)峰，這2個峰的化學位移(ppm)分別為A峰：約7；B峰：約54。上述2個峰在活化焙燒溫度分別為350、450、530、650、750、850<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">。</sup>C制得催化劑的<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">27</sup>Al-NMR譜圖中化學位移(ppm)變化情況如下：A峰：7.58、7.71、7.87、7.39、6.96、6.76，此峰屬于分子篩中六配位Al結構單元(八面體結構)共振峰。B峰：54．56、54.73、55.01、54.17、53.25、52.82，此峰屬于分子篩骨架中四配位Al結構單元(四面體結構)共振峰。以上數據中可以發現不同活化溫度培燒的Co-ZSM-5分子篩中，焙燒溫度為530<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">。</sup>C時A峰、B峰的化學位移存在一個極大值；焙燒溫度大于650<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">。</sup>C后，A峰在逐漸增強，B峰強度減弱，這可能是由于焙燒溫度的升高，導致骨架中的鋁不斷從骨架上脫除下來，形成骨架以外的含鋁物種。鋁在脫出分子篩骨架過程中的形態十分復雜需要進一步探究。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(172, 57, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">3.3<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 19px; font-family: 宋體;">結論</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544000029563904px; line-height: 27.2000007629395px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 32px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋體;">用<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">29</sup>Si-NMR、<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">27</sup>A1-NMR等分析手段對不同焙燒溫度Co-ZSM-5分子篩催化劑微觀結構進行了研究，焙燒使分子篩結構發生了較大的變化，當焙燒溫度高于600<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">。</sup>C后，分子篩骨架脫鋁明顯；焙燒溫度高于750<sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">。</sup>C后，分子篩骨架結構隨焙燒溫度的升高而遭到破壞。Co-ZSM-5分析篩催化劑最適合的培燒溫度范圍在450-600<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><sup style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">。</sup>C。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p> </div> <div class="blog-share-box clearfix"> <div class="agency"> <span> </span> </div> <div class="share-box "> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-4"> <div class=""> <div class="widget-title"> <h3 class="text-uppercase"> 最新動態 </h3> </div> <div class="widget-body"> <div class="media"> <div class="media-left"> <a href="http://m.wx56ys.com/news/14"> <img src="http://m.wx56ys.com/upload/image/3iK21kD2XwDiunhtt5vm39YGlUokXUcZySTq5cvA.png " class="media-object" alt="blog-author" style="max-width: 80px;max-height: 80px;"> </a> </div> <div class="media-body"> <a href="http://m.wx56ys.com/news/14">疏水性沸石分子篩及其在二氧化碳控制技術中的應用</a> <div class="recent-post-date"> <p 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